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  1. Renal hyperparathyroidism is a disease entity that is complex and poorly understood. Although there are guidelines regarding how to manage this patient group, evidence is scarce. Therefore, this survey-based s...

    Authors: Jaimie L. H. Zhang, Natasha M. Appelman-Dijkstra, Edouard L. Fu, Joris I. Rotmans and Abbey Schepers

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:150

    Content type: Research

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  2. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and critical complication of liver transplantation (LT), which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and health care cost. We aimed to identify modifiable risk...

    Authors: Jian Zhou, Xueying Zhang, Lin Lyu, Xiaojun Ma, Guishen Miao and Haichen Chu

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:149

    Content type: Research

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  3. Membranous nephropathy (MN) is mainly classified into idiopathic MN (iMN) and secondary MN in etiology. In recent years, a new kind of membranous nephropathy, atypical membranous nephropathy (aMN) which shows ...

    Authors: Zhenbin Jiang, Meishun Cai, Bao Dong, Yu Yan, Yina Wang, Xin Li, Chunying Shao and Li Zuo

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:148

    Content type: Research

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  4. Those living with kidney disease (KD) report extensive symptom burden. However, research into how symptoms change across stages is limited. The aims of this study were to 1) describe symptom burden across dise...

    Authors: Thomas J. Wilkinson, Daniel G. D. Nixon, Jared Palmer, Courtney J. Lightfoot and Alice C. Smith

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:147

    Content type: Research

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  5. Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis represent the two most common types of clinical manifest...

    Authors: A. Angeletti, S. Arrigo, A. Madeo, M. Molteni, E. Vietti, L. Arcuri, M. C. Coccia, P. Gandullia and G. M. Ghiggeri

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:146

    Content type: Case report

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  6. The alteration of the gut microbiome in the gut-kidney axis has been associated with a pro-inflammatory state and chronic kidney disease (CKD). A small-scaled Italian study has shown an association between the...

    Authors: Agni Nhirmal Kumar Sugurmar, Rozita Mohd, Shamsul Azhar Shah, Hui-min Neoh and Rizna Abdul Cader

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:145

    Content type: Research article

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  7. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a novel coronavirus associated with high mortality rates. The use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) has been recognised as a management option for severe COVID-19 (NHS, Spe...

    Authors: Lauren Floyd, Madelena Stauss, Joshua Storrar, Parthvi Vanalia, Anna France and Ajay Dhaygude

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:144

    Content type: Research article

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  9. ESRD is considered an irreversible loss of renal function, yet some patients will recover kidney function sufficiently to come off dialysis. Potentially modifiable predictors of kidney recovery, such as dialys...

    Authors: Maria Santos, Huiying Yin, Diane Steffick, Rajiv Saran and Michael Heung

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:142

    Content type: Research

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  11. Atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare systemic syndrome characterized by non-immune haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and kidney injury. In most cases, alternative complement pathway dysreg...

    Authors: Muneera Alabdulqader and Khalid Alfakeeh

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:140

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Although IgG4 deposit against phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R) is predominantly presented in the renal biopsy of patients with primary membranous nephropathy (MN), its diagnostic value of this immune com...

    Authors: Maryam Arghiani, Boshra Hasan Zamani, Fatemeh Nazemian, Sara Samadi, Malihe Saber Afsharian, Mahmoud Habibzadeh, Saeid Eslami and Mahin Ghorban Sabbagh

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:138

    Content type: Research

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  14. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a kidney disease recognized by the presence of IgA antibody depositions in kidneys. The underlying mechanisms of this complicated disease are remained to be explored and still, there ...

    Authors: Alieh Gholaminejad, Yousof Gheisari, Sedigheh Jalali and Amir Roointan

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:137

    Content type: Research

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  15. End stage kidney disease (ESKD) is associated with many losses, subsequently impacting mental wellbeing. Few studies have investigated the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for people with ESKD and none e...

    Authors: Kylie M. Dingwall, Michelle Sweet, Alan Cass, Jaquelyne T. Hughes, David Kavanagh, Kirsten Howard, Federica Barzi, Sarah Brown, Cherian Sajiv, Sandawana W. Majoni and Tricia Nagel

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:136

    Content type: Research

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  16. Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (cLVH) is a common left ventricular geometric pattern in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis, including peritoneal dialysis (PD). The relationship between cLVH at P...

    Authors: Misato Tomura, Yoshifumi Hamasaki, Yohei Komaru, Yoshihisa Miyamoto, Ryo Matsuura, Akihiko Matsumoto, Kent Doi, Haruki Kume and Masaomi Nangaku

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:135

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Hyporesponsiveness to erythropoietin stimulating agent (ESA) is associated with poor outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. Although ESA hyporesponsiveness and sarcopenia have a common pathophysiolo...

    Authors: Tomoaki Takata, Yukari Mae, Kentaro Yamada, Sosuke Taniguchi, Shintaro Hamada, Marie Yamamoto, Takuji Iyama and Hajime Isomoto

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:134

    Content type: Research

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  19. Macroscopic hematuria-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is a well-known complication of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy. In such cases, intratubular obstruction by red blood cell (RBC) casts and acute tu...

    Authors: Shinya Taguchi, Sumi Hidaka, Mitsuru Yanai, Kunihiro Ishioka, Kenji Matsui, Yasuhiro Mochida, Hidekazu Moriya, Takayasu Ohtake and Shuzo Kobayashi

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:132

    Content type: Case report

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  20. From a recent meta-analysis it appeared that online post-dilution hemodiafiltration (HDF), especially with a high convection volume (HV-HDF), is associated with superior overall and cardiovascular survival, if...

    Authors: Paul A. Rootjes, Menso J. Nubé, Camiel L. M. de Roij van Zuijdewijn, Gertrude Wijngaarden and Muriel P. C. Grooteman

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:131

    Content type: Study protocol

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  21. This study aimed to investigate the expression characteristics of ANGPTL8 in patients with primary nephrotic syndrome and its possible correlation with hyperlipidemia and proteinuria.

    Authors: Yue Li, Qingju Liu, Chengdong Kang, Weijing Cui, Zichuan Xu, Fu Zhong and Xia Gao

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:130

    Content type: Research

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  22. The burden of chronic kidney disease in Africa is three to four times higher compared to high-income countries and the cost of treatment is beyond the reach of most affected persons. The best treatment for end...

    Authors: V. Boima, M. B. Amissah-Arthur, E. Yorke, D. Dey, Delali Fiagbe, A. E. Yawson, J. Nonvignon and C. C. Mate-Kole

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:129

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) often experience multiple symptoms concurrently and these symptoms may impact their quality of life. A valid and reliable tool is needed to assess the symptom distress of p...

    Authors: Mei-Chu Chen, Ya-Fang Ho, Chiu-Chu Lin and Chia-Chen Wu

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:128

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Renal tumors during pregnancy are rare and the treatment requires evaluation of both the patient and the fetus. No consensus or guidelines has been proposed or verified in this field. We successfully managed t...

    Authors: Yi Zhao, Ziyi Yang, Weifeng Xu, Zhigang Ji and Jie Dong

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:127

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  25. Haemodialysis (HD) patients tend to have higher levels of oxidative stress (OS), associated with increased morbidity and premature mortality, compared to the general population. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA)...

    Authors: Peter Bergin, Aoife Leggett, Chris R. Cardwell, Jayne V. Woodside, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Alexander P. Maxwell and Gareth J. McKay

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:126

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a risk factor for mortality, cardiovascular disease, and progression of chronic kidney disease. Limited data exist comparing the association of either c-termina...

    Authors: Chang Chu, Saban Elitok, Shufei Zeng, Yingquan Xiong, Carl-Friedrich Hocher, Ahmed A. Hasan, Bernhard K. Krämer and Berthold Hocher

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:125

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Decreased erythropoietin levels and impaired iron metabolism due to excessive hepcidin levels are responsible for renal anaemia in patients undergoing haemodialysis. Recently, erythroferrone (ERFE) has been id...

    Authors: Takahide Iwasaki, Akira Fujimori, Takeshi Nakanishi, Shioko Okada, Nobuto Hanawa, Yukiko Hasuike and Takahiro Kuragano

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:124

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Behçet’s disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory vasculitis with both autoimmune and autoinflammatory properties. Renal involvement in BD and its spontaneous remission have been rare. We herein describe a case...

    Authors: Kanako Watanabe-Kusunoki, Masaru Kato, Yotaro Oki, Tetsuo Shimizu, Yoshihiro Kusunoki, Shota Furukawa, Shin Furukawa, Hirohiko Kitakawa and Kiyoshi Sakai

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:122

    Content type: Case report

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  30. The Japanese chaff flower, Achyranthes japonica, is used as complementary medicine to control degenerative arthritis. Although commonly used in South Korea, there has been no report of side effects. We report the...

    Authors: Ha Nee Jang, Sehyun Jung, Seunghye Lee, Se-Ho Chang, Tae Won Lee, Eunjin Bae and Dong Jun Park

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:121

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  31. Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a serious complication following cardiac surgery. Adverse outcome after cardiac surgery has been observed in the presence of elevated levels of soluble urokinase-type plasm...

    Authors: Sebastian Roed Rasmussen, Rikke Vibeke Nielsen, Rasmus Møgelvang, Sisse Rye Ostrowski and Hanne Berg Ravn

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:120

    Content type: Research article

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  32. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is the final and permanent stage of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Hemodialysis (HD) is the most common treatment for CKD. To have desirable therapeutic outcomes, patients have to...

    Authors: Mansour Arad, Rasoul Goli, Naser Parizad, Davoud Vahabzadeh and Rahim Baghaei

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:119

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  33. Patients with chronic kidney disease often experience metabolic acidosis. Whether oral sodium bicarbonate can reduce mortality in patients with metabolic acidosis has been debated for years. Hence, this study ...

    Authors: Hikaru Morooka, Junichiro Yamamoto, Akihito Tanaka, Daijo Inaguma and Shoichi Maruyama

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:118

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD) are characterized by an abnormal production of intact monoclonal immunoglobulins or parts such as heavy or light chains. In most cases, the monoclonal protein (also termed paraprot...

    Authors: C. Lindemann, P. Enders, P. T. Brinkkoetter and L. A. Völker

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:117

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  35. The global burden of kidney disease has increased in recent years worldwide. Risk factors for kidney disease are common in Africa, but data on their prevalence are lacking. This study aims to determine the pre...

    Authors: Gwladys N. Gbaguidi, Corine Y. Houehanou, Salimanou A. Amidou, Jacques Vigan, Dismand S. Houinato and Philippe Lacroix

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:116

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Iron deficiency (ID) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Intravenous (IV) iron in heart failure leads to improvement in exercise capacity and improvement in quality-of-life measurements; h...

    Authors: S. Bhandari, V. Allgar, A. Lamplugh, I. Macdougall and P. A. Kalra

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:115

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Hyperphosphatemia confers adverse cardiovascular outcomes, and commonly occurs in late-stage CKD. Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) is a phosphaturic peptide which decreases renal phosphate transport in vitro and...

    Authors: Kittrawee Kritmetapak, Louis Losbanos, Taylor E. Berent, Susan L. Ashrafzadeh-Kian, Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Jolaine M. Hines, Ravinder J. Singh and Rajiv Kumar

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:114

    Content type: Research article

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  38. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Mathijs van Oevelen, Alferso C. Abrahams, Willem Jan W. Bos, Mariëlle H. Emmelot-Vonk, Simon P. Mooijaart, Merel van Diepen, Brigit C. van Jaarsveld, Anita van Eck van der Sluijs, Carlijn G. N. Voorend and Marjolijn van Buren

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:113

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Nephrology 2021 22:39

  39. Fatigue is prevalent in hemodialysis patients who for survival follow a strict dialysis treatment regimen – dialysis and non-dialysis days. As a result, the daily activities, symptom burden, and clinical outco...

    Authors: Subrata Debnath, Rain Rueda, Shweta Bansal, Balakuntalam S. Kasinath, Kumar Sharma and Carlos Lorenzo

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:112

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  40. Isotonic saline (IS) is widely used to secure perioperative cardiovascular stability. However, the high amount of chloride in IS can induce hyperchloremic acidosis. Therefore, IS is suspected to increase the r...

    Authors: A. M. Østergaard, A. N. Jørgensen, S. Bøvling, N. P. Ekeløf, F. H. Mose and J. N. Bech

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:111

    Content type: Research article

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  41. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent hereditary renal disease. There is an increased rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in ADPKD. In this study, we evaluate the prevalenc...

    Authors: José Luis Gorriz, David Arroyo, Luis D’Marco, Roser Torra, Patricia Tomás, María Jesús Puchades, Nayara Panizo, Jonay Pantoja, Marco Montomoli, José Luis Llisterri, Vicente Pallares-Carratalá and José Manuel Valdivielso

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:110

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Both keratoconus (KCN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are multifactorial conditions with multiple aetiologies and share several common pathophysiologies. However, the few studies that have described the rela...

    Authors: Ren-Long Jan, Shih-Feng Weng, Jhi-Joung Wang and Yuh-Shin Chang

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:109

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an auto-immune disease characterized by sialadenitis and dacryoadenitis with lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltration. In pSS, not only sicca symptoms, but also extra-glandular i...

    Authors: Ryo Nishioka, Satoshi Hara, Hiroyuki Kawahara, Kiyoaki Ito, Ichiro Mizushima, Masayoshi Hirata, Michio Nagata and Mitsuhiro Kawano

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:108

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  44. Although most patients are suitable for both hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), there seem to be differences in the outlook of patients who choose one modality over the other. There is currently l...

    Authors: Isabell Schellartz, Tim Ohnhaeuser, Thomas Mettang and Nadine Scholten

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:107

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Secondary hyperparathyroidism may lead to increased cardiovascular risk. The use of cinacalcet may improve bone and cardiovascular health with improved parathormone (PTH) and phosphate control.

    Authors: Helen Eddington, Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Helen Alderson, Sara T. Ibrahim, Constantina Chrysochou, Darren Green, Ibi Erekosima, Alastair Hutchison, Abdalla Bubtana, Janet Hegarty and Philip A. Kalra

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:106

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Renal transplant recipients have to see a nephrologist for regular follow-up for the rest of their lives. To reduce the burden for the patients, video consultation can be an alternative to traditional in-perso...

    Authors: Cecilie Varsi, Aud-Eldrid Stenehjem, Elin Børøsund and Lise Solberg Nes

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:105

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase (HIF-PH) is a novel choice for the treatment of renal anemia, and an oral HIF-PH inhibitor roxadustat was approved for renal anemia. Roxadustat has hig...

    Authors: Mitsuru Ichii, Katsuhito Mori, Daichi Miyaoka, Mika Sonoda, Yoshihiro Tsujimoto, Shinya Nakatani, Tetsuo Shoji and Masanori Emoto

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:104

    Content type: Case report

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  48. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is predicted to rise over the next few decades. In resource-limited settings access to central laboratory services is limited. Point-of-care (POC) urine dipstick ...

    Authors: Sean D. Currin, Mwawi S. Gondwe, Nokthula B. Mayindi, Shingirai Chipungu, Bongekile L. Khoza, Stephen Tollman, June Fabian and Jaya A. George

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:103

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Improved recognition of factors influencing graft survival has led to better short-term kidney transplant outcomes. However, efforts to prevent long-term graft decline and improve graft survival have seen more...

    Authors: Jonathan P. Law, Richard Borrows, David McNulty, Adnan Sharif and Charles J. Ferro

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:102

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically ill patients is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The appropriateness of RRT initiation is sometimes questioned in elderly patients. Therefore, we soug...

    Authors: Cécile Salathé, Elettra Poli, Marco Altarelli, Nathan Axel Bianchi and Antoine Guillaume Schneider

    Citation: BMC Nephrology 2021 22:101

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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