Table 1 Characteristics of warfarin studies in patients with end stage renal disease and atrial fibrillation

Chan 2009 [30]

US, Fresenius clinics

1.6

Patients with incident HD, pre-existing AF

T (total)

1671

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

746

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

925

NR

NR

NR

NR

Lai 2009 [32]

US, single center

2.6

All patients with CKD (HD and GFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m²) and pre-existing non-valvular AF, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

245

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

129

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

96

NR

NR

NR

NR

Wizemann 2010 [33]

International consortium

8

Patients with HD who had pre-existing or newly developed AF, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

3245

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

509

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

2736

NR

NR

NR

NR

Winkelmayer 2011 [22]

US, New Jersey, Pennsylvania Medicare claims

22

All patients with incident dialysis ≥ 66 years who had first hospitalization with a primary or secondary discharge diagnosis of AF

T (total)

2313

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

249

57.4

68.6 (12.1)

NR

6.8

C (no warfarin)

2064

57.5

70.1 (11.9)

NR

16.2

Olesen 2012 [23]

Denmark, national registry

12

All patients discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of non-valvular AF, receiving RRT

T (total)

901

33.6

66.8 (11.7)

14.8

15.2

W (warfarin only)

178

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

723

NR

NR

NR

NR

Khalid 2013 [34]

US, multi-center

6

Patients who were started on warfarin in the last year and re-started warfarin for atrial fibrillation after a gastrointestinal bleed

T (total)

96

31.3

77.2 (10.6)

52.1

21.2

W (restarted warfarin)

34

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (did not restart warfarin)

62

NR

NR

NR

NR

Wakasugi 2014 [29]

Japan, multi-center

3

Patients aged ≥ 20 years with ESRD requiring HD and pre-existing chronic sustained AF, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

60

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

28

43

67.8 (9.4)

14

NR

C (no warfarin)

32

28

68.4 (8.5)

36

NR

Bonde 2014 [24]

Denmark, national registry

15

Incident non-valvular AF discharge, receiving RRT, stratified by CHA₂DS₂-VASc score

T (total)

1142

35.03

66.77 (12.03)

16.37

17.51

W (warfarin)

260

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

882

NR

NR

NR

NR

Carrero 2014 [25]

Sweden, national registry

7

Survivors of acute myocardial infarction, history of AF or AF diagnosis in hospital, eGFR ≤ 15 ml/min/173 m²

T (total)

478

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

66

37.9^a

78^a (NR)

28.8^a

12.1^a

C (no warfarin)

412

38.8^a

77^a (NR)

26.5^a

22.8^a

Chen 2014 [26]

Taiwan, national registry

4.12

Adult (≥18 years) patients with ESRD, receiving RRT, pre-existing non-valvular AF

T (total)

3277

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

294

58.5

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

2983

53.7

NR

NR

NR

Friberg 2014 [13]

Sweden, national registry

2.1

Any inpatient diagnosis of non-valvular AF, receiving RRT, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

13435

35.7

78.4 (10.3)

24.6

30.5

W (warfarin)

3766

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

9669

NR

NR

NR

NR

Shah 2014 [27]

Canada, Quebec & Ontario regional claims

9

Patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to a hospital with a primary or secondary diagnosis of AF who underwent > = 3 dialysis procedure within the 12 months preceding AF

T (total)

1626

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

756

39

75.3 (8.1)

6

9

C (no warfarin)

870

39

75.1 (8.5)

5

16

Genovesi 2015 [31]

Italy, multi-center

2

Patients with HD, pre-existing paroxysmal, persistent or permanent AF, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

290

40.0

NR

14.8

19.7

W (warfarin)

134

35.8

NR

15.7

11.9

C (no warfarin)

156

43.6

NR

14.1

26.3

Chan KE 2015 [20]

US, Fresenius clinics

4

Patients with chronic HD, pre-existing AF

T (total)

14607

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

8064

38.8

70.6 (11)

12.7

3.3

A (aspirin)

6018

42.7

71.7 (11)

14.3

0.7

D (dabigatran)

281

40.8

68.4 (12)

12.5

4.1

R (rivaroxaban)

244

39.5

66.9 (12)

16.0

4.2

Chan PH 2015 [21]

China, single center

14.5

Patients with PD who had a diagnosis of AF treated in two hospitals, exclude HD or CKD stage 5 not on RRT, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

271

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

67

41.8

69.5 (9.5)

17.9

1.5

A (aspirin)

86

41.9

73.0 (10.0)

25.6

4.7

C (no antithrombotic therapy)

118

38.1

69.4 (12.7)

10.2

0.8

Shen 2015 [28]

US, USRDS national registry

4

All patients with HD who had a new diagnosis of AF based on 1 inpatient or 2 outpatient diagnosis codes

T (total)

12284

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

1838

50.3

61.2 (12.4)

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

10446

51.3

62.1 (13.6)

NR

NR

Wang 2015 [14]

New Zealand, single center

9

Patients with ESRD commenced on long-term dialysis at a hospital who had pre-existing or developed AF, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

141

38.3

61.2 (11.3)

NR

19.1

W (warfarin)

59

39.0

59.8 (10.5)

NR

16.9

C (no warfarin)

82

37.8

62.1 (11.8)

NR

20.7

Yodogawa 2015 [35]

Japan, single center

9.5

Patients aged ≥ 20 years with AF and ESRD requiring maintenance HD, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

84

30

NR

5

6

W (warfarin)

30

20

69.5 (10.7)

10

3

C (no warfarin)

54

35

70.4 (10.2)

2

7

Findlay 2016 [15]

UK, single center

7

Adult patients receiving hemodialysis, exclude those treated for acute kidney injury, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

293

NR

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

118

NR

NR

NR

NR

C (no warfarin)

175

NR

NR

NR

NR

Tanaka 2016 [16]

Japan, multi-center

2.5

Patients with ESRD with dialysis initiation who became stable and were discharged from hospital with or without AF, includes prevalent warfarin users

T (total)

93

37.6

NR

NR

NR

W (warfarin)

46

26.1

73.6 (8.5)

19.6

6.5

C (no warfarin)

47

34.0

70.7 (12.1)

8.5

0.0