Characteristics | Korean risk score [10] | Thai risk score [9] | Bellville South | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Authors | Kwon et al. | Thakkinstian et al. | |||||||
Year published | 2011 | 2011 | |||||||
Country | South Korea | Thailand | |||||||
Validation | Internal, External | Internal | |||||||
Sample size | 6565 | 3459 | |||||||
Design | Cross-sectional | Cross-sectional | |||||||
Age range | ≥30 years | ≥18 years | |||||||
Population | Korean | Thai | |||||||
Definition of of CKD | eGFR (MDRD) ≤ 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 | stage I-V based on eGFR (MDRD) | |||||||
Development c-statistic | 0.83 | 0.77 | |||||||
Predictors | |||||||||
Age | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||
Sex | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||
Anemia | Yes | No | No | ||||||
Hypertension | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||
Diabetes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||
History of CVD | Yes | No | No (statin use) | ||||||
Proteinuria | Yes | No | Yes | ||||||
Kidney stone | No | Yes | No | ||||||
Performance | Original | Adjusted | Original | Adjusted | |||||
Outcome | eGFR < 60 | Any CKD | eGFR < 60 | Any CKD | eGFR < 60 | Any CKD | eGFR < 60 | Any CKD | |
E/O (95 % CI) | 0.07 (0.07-0.08) | 0.07 (0.06-0.08) | 0.76 (0.67-0.86) | 0.76 (0.67-0.85) | 0.90 (0.79-1.01) | 0.87 (0.77-0.98) | 0.98 (0.87-1.10) | 0.97 (0.86-1.09) | |
Brier score | 0.265 | 0.274 | 0.164 | 0.161 | 0.166 | 0.166 | 0.165 | 0.164 | |
Yates slope | 0.026 | 0.029 | 0.208 | 0.225 | 0.191 | 0.199 | 0.200 | 0.211 | |
C-statistic (95 % CI) | 0.797 (0.765-0.829) | 0.811 (0.780-0.842) | 0.797 (0.765-0.829) | 0.811 (0.780-0.842) | 0.760 (0.726-0.793) | 0.772 (0.739-0.805) | 0.760 (0.726-0.793) | 0.772 (0.739-0.805) | |
Best threshold | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.31 | 0.32 | |
Sensitivity (%) | 82 | 84 | 82 | 84 | 73 | 74 | 73 | 74 | |
Specificity (%) | 67 | 68 | 67 | 68 | 72 | 73 | 72 | 73 |