Table 1 Reported cases of PD-related MAC peritonitis
References | Sex | Age (years) | Primary disease or comorbidity | Fever | ESI | Initial PDF WCC and differential | PDF AFB smear | Imaging/pathological findings | diagnostic method | Medications | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pulliam et al. [7] | M | 16 | KT | + | + | 1900/μL PMN 80% | + | Pathological study: granulomas in peritoneal cavity, lung, and liver | PDF culture | Isoniazid Rifampin Amikacin | HD and CVD-related death |
Perlino [8] | F | 49 | HTN and DCM | NR | + | NR | + | Laparotomy: abdominal caseous material and thickened peritoneum | PDF culture | Ciprofloxacin Ethambutol Rifampin Amikacin | HD and CVD-related death |
Perlino [8] | F | 41 | LN and KT | NR | + | NR | + | Laparotomy: peritoneum with tuberculosis-like lesions | PDF culture | Ciprofloxacin Ethambutol Rifampin Amikacin | HD and Infection-related death |
Perazella et al. [9] | M | 45 | HIV nephropathy | + | – | 161/μL PMN predominance | + | CT: abdominal wall abscess unrelated to the PD catheter | PDF culture | Clarithromycin Clofazimine | Infection-related death |
Irizarry et al. [10] | M | 54 | FSGS | + | – | 90/μL Lymphocyte 77% Mononuclear 33% | + | Laparotomy: multiple areas of purulence throughout the peritoneum | PDF culture | Amikacin and 3 unknown antibiotics | HD |
Ferrara et al. [11] | F | 16 | LN | + | – | 226/μL PMN 18% Lymphocyte 33% Macrophage 41% | – | Sonography: periportal edema, hepatosplenomegaly, possible granulomas within the spleen | PDF culture | Azithromycin Ethambutol Rifabutin | HD |
Falcone et al. [12] | M | 64 | DKD | – | – | 160/μL PMN predominance | NR | CT: inflammatory changes in the omentum | PDF culture | Clarithromycin Ethambutol Rifabutin | HD and Infection-related death |
Chung JW et al. [13] | F | 69 | Left renal agenesis and HTN | + | – | 170/μL PMN 88% | – | CT: Multiple lymphadenopathies and multiple masses in the splenic region | Bone marrow DNA sequencing | Isoniazid Rifampin Pyrazinamide Ethambutol | HD and CVD-related death |
Miyashita et al. [14] | F | 11 | HSCT | + | – | 613/μL Mononuclear 82% PMN 18% | + | No specific finding on CT | PDF DNA sequencing | Clarithromycin Ethambutol Levofloxacin | HD |
Yakota et al. [15] | M | 4 | Hypoplastic kidneys | + | – | 775/μL PMN 74% | NR | No specific finding on CT | PDF culture | Clarithromycin Ethambutol Rifampin | HD and KT |
The present case | F | 51 | Underdialyzed | + | + | 277/μL PMN 82% Mononuclear 18% | – | No specific finding on CT or sonography | PDF DNA sequencing | Azithromycin Ethambutol Rifampin Amikacin | HD and Infection-related death |