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Table 5 ROC analysis of ActivPal measures for the assessment of physical frailty in people receiving haemodialysis

From: Use of a wearable accelerometer to evaluate physical frailty in people receiving haemodialysis

ActivPal measures

AUC (95% CI)

P-value

K-S

Cut-off

Prevalence, n (%)

SENS

SPEC

PPV

NPV

Accuracy

Daily steps (n°)

0.70 (0.56–0.84)

0.005

0.38

 ≤ 1980

18 (30.5)

55%

84%

0.67

0.76

73%

Daily sit to stands (n°)

0.70 (0.55–0.84)

0.008

0.36

 ≤ 26

10 (16.9)

36%

95%

0.80

0.71

73%

Step cadence < 60 s/min

 Number of steps (n°)

0.62 (0.47–0.78)

0.107

0.29

 ≥ 632

24 (40.7)

23%

49%

0.21

0.51

39%

 Percentage of daily steps (%)

0.74 (0.60–0.87)

0.001

0.43

 ≥ 23.8

19 (32.2)

59%

84%

0.68

0.78

75%

Step cadence 60–79 s/min

 Number of steps (n°)

0.57 (0.41–0.72)

0.422

0.08

 ≥ 1001

5 (8.5)

14%

94%

0.60

0.65

64%

 Percentage of daily steps (%)

0.72 (0.58–0.86)

0.003

0.46

 ≥ 22.8

18 (30.5)

59%

87%

0.72

0.78

76%

Step cadence 80–99 s/min

 Number of steps (n°)

0.64 (0.48–0.80)

0.093

0.34

 ≤ 694

17 (28.8)

50%

84%

0.65

0.74

71%

 Percentage of daily steps (%)

0.51 (0.35–0.68)

0.872

0.18

 ≤ 13.5

4 (6.8)

18%

97%

0.80

0.67

69%

Step cadence 100–119 s/min

 Number of steps (n°)

0.79 (0.67–0.91)

 < 0.001

0.48

 ≤ 284

25 (42.4)

73%

76%

0.64

0.82

75%

 Percentage of daily steps (%)

0.78 (0.65–0.92)

 < 0.001

0.53

 ≤ 18.3

26 (44.1)

77%

76%

0.65

0.85

76%

Step cadence ≥ 100 s/min

 Number of steps (n°)

0.80 (0.68–0.92)

 < 0.001

0.48

 ≤ 288

25 (42.4)

73%

76%

0.64

0.82

75%

 Percentage of daily steps (%)

0.78 (0.65–0.92)

 < 0.001

0.53

 ≤ 19.1

26 (44.1)

77%

76%

0.65

0.85

76%

Step cadence ≥ 120 s/min

 Number of steps (n°)

0.74 (0.61–0.87)

 < 0.001

0.48

 ≤ 15

28 (47.4)

77%

70%

0.61

0.84

73%

 Percentage of daily steps (%)

0.72 (0.59–0.86)

0.001

0.44

 ≤ 0.5

24 (40.7)

68%

76%

0.63

0.79

71%

  1. Abbreviations: AUC Area under the curve, CI Confidence interval, K-S KS statistic, SENS Sensitivity, SPEC Specificity, PPV Positive predictive value, NPV Negative predictive value; Percentage of daily steps represents the ratio between the number of daily steps walked at a specific cadence and the total number of daily steps (expressed as a percentage)