Fresh vegetable intakes | Salt-preserved vegetable intakes | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Almost everyday (n = 674) | Except winter(n = 549) | Occasionally (n = 107) | Rarely or never(n = 56) | P | Almost everyday (n = 186) | Occasionally (n = 783) | Rarely or never(n = 417) | P | |
Age, years | 81.0(71.0–90.0) | 80.0(71.0–91.0) | 89.0(80.0–96.0) | 88.0(80.3–97.8) | < 0.001 | 79.0(71.0–89.0) | 81.0(71.0–91.0) | 84.0(74.0–94.5) | < 0.001 | |
Sex | 0.008 | 0.033 | ||||||||
Male | 323(47.9) | 288(52.5) | 44(41.1) | 18(32.1) | 88(47.3) | 403(51.5) | 182(43.6) | |||
Female | 351(52.1) | 261(47.5) | 63(58.9) | 38(67.9) | 98(52.7) | 380(48.5) | 235(56.4) | |||
BMI,kg/m2 | 21.73 ± 4.35 | 21.49 ± 3.57 | 20.91 ± 3.18 | 21.34 ± 4.38 | 0.226 | 22.31 ± 3.96 | 21.67 ± 3.92 | 20.99 ± 4.02 | < 0.001 | |
Education | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
No schooling | 345(51.2) | 334(60.8) | 81(75.7) | 40(71.4) | 89(47.8) | 435(55.6) | 276(66.2) | |||
Some schooling | 329(48.8) | 215(39.2) | 26(22.3) | 16(28.6) | 97(52.2) | 348(44.4) | 141(33.8) | |||
Residence | 0.008 | 0.135 | ||||||||
Urban | 132(19.6) | 78(14.2) | 9(8.4) | 9(16.1) | 23(12.4) | 141(18.0) | 64(15.3) | |||
Rural | 542(80.4) | 471(85.8) | 98(91.6) | 47(83.9) | 163(87.6) | 642(82.0) | 353(84.7) | |||
Economic status | <0.001 | 0.013 | ||||||||
Rich | 126(18.7) | 67(12.2) | 6(5.6) | 3(5.4) | 41(22.0) | 112(14.3) | 49(11.8) | |||
Fair | 495(73.4) | 432(78.7) | 80(74.8) | 49(87.5) | 125(67.2) | 603(77.0) | 328(78.7) | |||
Poor | 53(7.9) | 50(9.1) | 21(19.6) | 4(7.1) | 20(10.8) | 68(8.7) | 40(9.6) | |||
Married status | <0.001 | 0.050 | ||||||||
Married | 343(50.9) | 265(48.3) | 32(29.9) | 12(21.4) | 102(54.8) | 366(46.7) | 184(44.1) | |||
Unmarried | 331(49.1) | 284(51.7) | 75(70.1) | 44(78.6) | 84(45.29) | 417(53.3) | 233(55.9) | |||
Fruit intake | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Almost everyday | 287(42.6) | 229(41.7) | 6(5.6) | 17(17.9) | 72(38.7) | 329(42.0) | 131(31.4) | |||
Occasionally | 223(33.1) | 231(42.1) | 78(72.9) | 7(12.5) | 64(34.4) | 321(41.0) | 154(36.9) | |||
Rarely or never | 164(24.3) | 89(16.2) | 23(21.5) | 39(69.6) | 50(26.9) | 133(17.0) | 132(31.7) | |||
Meat intake | < 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||||
Almost everyday | 277(41.1) | 104(18.9) | 21(19.6) | 23(41.1) | 53(28.5) | 227(29.0) | 145(34.8) | |||
Occasionally | 375(55.6) | 418(7.1) | 78(72.9) | 32(57.1) | 120(64.5) | 536(68.5) | 247(59.2) | |||
Rarely or never | 22(3.3) | 27(4.9) | 8(7.5) | 1(1.8) | 13(7.0) | 20(2.6) | 25(6.0) | |||
Fish intake | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Almost everyday | 79(11.7) | 19(3.5) | 3(2.8) | 3(5.4) | 21(11.3) | 48(6.1) | 35(8.4) | |||
Occasionally | 533(79.1) | 467(85.1) | 92(86.0) | 42(75.0) | 149(80.1) | 670(85.6) | 315(75.5) | |||
Rarely or never | 62(9.2) | 63(11.5) | 12(11.2) | 11(19.6) | 16(8.6) | 65(8.3) | 67(16.1) | |||
Egg intake | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Almost everyday | 234(34.7) | 198(36.1) | 21(19.6) | 19(33.9) | 78(41.9) | 258(33.0) | 136(32.6) | |||
Occasionally | 377(55.9) | 330(60.1) | 75(70.1) | 29(51.8) | 98(52.7) | 487(62.2) | 226(54.2) | |||
Rarely or never | 63(9.3) | 21(3.8) | 11(10.3) | 8(14.3) | 10(5.4) | 38(4.9) | 55(13.2) | |||
Vitamin intake | 0.771 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
Almost everyday | 17(2.5) | 15(2.7) | 3(2.8) | 1(1.8) | 5(2.7) | 16(2.0) | 15(3.6) | |||
Occasionally | 72(10.7) | 53(9.7) | 11(10.3) | 2(3.6) | 8(4.3) | 103(13.2) | 27(6.5) | |||
Rarely or never | 585(86.8) | 481(87.6) | 93(86.9) | 53(94.6) | 173(93.0) | 664(84.8) | 375(89.9) | |||
Smoking | 0.097 | 0.308 | ||||||||
Current | 148(22.0) | 107(19.5) | 16(15.0) | 4(7.1) | 43(23.0) | 162(20.7) | 70(16.8) | |||
Past | 58(8.6) | 53(9.7) | 7(6.5) | 6(10.7) | 18(9.6) | 71(9.1) | 35(8.4) | |||
Never | 468(69.4) | 389(70.9) | 84(78.5) | 46(82.1) | 126(67.4) | 550(70.2) | 312(74.8) | |||
Drinking status | 0.069 | <0.001 | ||||||||
Current | 126(18.7) | 103(18.8) | 9(8.4) | 5(8.9) | 44(23.7) | 148(18.9) | 51(12.2) | |||
Past | 44(6.5) | 36(6.6) | 5(4.7) | 3(5.4) | 19(10.2) | 48(6.1) | 21(5.0) | |||
Never | 504(74.8) | 410(74.7) | 93(86.9) | 48(85.7) | 123(66.1) | 587(75.0) | 345(82.7) | |||
Exercise | 0.001 | 0.477 | ||||||||
Current | 141(20.9) | 70(12.8) | 14(13.1) | 3(5.4) | 32(17.12) | 134(17.1) | 62(14.9) | |||
Past | 13(1.9) | 13(2.4) | 1(0.9) | 1(1.8) | 2(1.1) | 14(1.8) | 12(2.9) | |||
Never | 520(77.2) | 466(84.9) | 93(86.0) | 52(92.9) | 152(81.7) | 635(81.1) | 343(82.3) | |||
Hypertension | 0.713 | 0.342 | ||||||||
Yes | 405(60.1) | 325(59.2) | 61(57.0) | 37(66.1) | 111(59.7) | 456(58.2) | 261(62.6) | |||
No | 269(39.9) | 224(40.8) | 46(43.0) | 19(33.9) | 75(40.3) | 327(41.8) | 158(37.4) | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 0.493 | 0.536 | ||||||||
Yes | 53(7.9) | 36(6.6) | 11(10.3) | 3(5.4) | 15(8.1) | 62(7.9) | 26(6.2) | |||
No | 621(92.1) | 513(93.4) | 96(89.7) | 53(94.6) | 171(91.9) | 721(92.1) | 391(93.8) | |||
Pneumonia | 0.657 | 0.463 | ||||||||
Yes | 50(7.4) | 45(8.2) | 8(7.5) | 2(3.6) | 12(6.5) | 56(7.2) | 37(8.9) | |||
No | 624(92.6) | 504(91.8) | 99(92.5) | 54(96.4) | 174(93.5) | 727(92.8) | 380(91.1) | |||
Heart disease | 0.095 | 0.001 | ||||||||
Yes | 58(8.6) | 39(7.1) | 13(12.1) | 1(1.8) | 27(14.5) | 51(6.5) | 33(7.9) | |||
No | 616(91.4) | 510(92.9) | 94(87.9) | 55(98.2) | 159(85.5) | 732(93.5) | 384(92.1) | |||
Albumin, g/L | 41.3(37.9–44.4) | 40.9(38.2–43.8) | 39.7(36.9–41.8) | 39.7(3.7–42.7) | < 0.001 | 42.8(39.6–46.0) | 40.9(37.8–44.0 | 40.4(37.4–43.0) | < 0.001 | |
Urinary albumin | 4.4(0.7–16.7) | 4.9(0.9–13.6) | 5.3(1.2–11.4) | 4.9(1.0–9.4) | 0.914 | 4.9(0.9–19.6) | 4.7(0.8–15.2) | 4.7(0.7–11.2) | 0.586 | |
Hs-CRP, mg/L | 0.8(0.4–2.1) | 0.9(0.4–2.1) | 1.2(0.5–3.0) | 0.9(0.5–1.2) | 0.046 | 0.7(0.4–1.5) | 0.9(0.4–2.3) | 0.9(0.4–2.5) | 0.008 | |
Urea, mmol/L | 6.4(5.2–7.6) | 6.5(5.4–7.8) | 6.6(5.4–7.6) | 6.4(5.7–7.3) | 0.535 | 6.1(5.0–7.5) | 6.5(5.5–7.7) | 6.4(5.2–7.6) | 0.066 | |
Urea acid, umol/L | 286.8(239.4–349.2) | 271.9(220.1–331.4) | 273.7(227.3–323.9) | 260.8(221.9–348.2) | 0.005 | 273.6(218.4–333.7) | 282.9(234.6–344.0) | 273.7(230.3–338.9) | 0.195 | |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 0.9(0.6–1.3) | 0.8(0.6–1.2) | 0.8(0.6–1.1) | 0.8(0.5–1.1) | 0.004 | 0.8(0.6–1.2) | 0.9(0.6–1.2) | 0.80(0.6–2.5) | 0.483 | |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.3(1.1–1.6) | 1.2(1.0–1.5) | 1.2(1.0–1.4) | 1.2(1.0–1.5) | 0.031 | 1.3(1.1–1.6) | 1.2(1.0–1.5) | 1.3(1.1–1.5) | 0.047 | |
LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.5(1.9–3.0) | 2.6(2.1–3.1) | 2.5(2.2–2.9) | 2.6(2.2–3.3) | 0.047 | 2.5(2.1–3.0) | 2.5(2.0–3.1) | 2.5(2.0–3.1) | 0.350 | |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.3(3.7–5.0) | 4.3(3.7–5.0) | 4.2(3.7–4.8) | 4.4(3.6–5.0) | 0.338 | 4.4(3.7–4.9) | 4.3(3.7–4.9) | 4.3(3.7–5.0) | 0.388 | |
SBP, mmHg | 140.0(125.0–156.0) | 140.0(122.5–152.1) | 137.5(122.5–149.0) | 143.0(127.5–160.0) | 0.179 | 140.0(125.3–159.0) | 139.0(125.0–154.8) | 140.0(125.0–152.5) | 0.386 | |
DBP, mmHg | 80.0(70.0–90.0) | 80.0(70.0–90.0) | 80.0(72.5–90.0) | 80.0(75.0–90.0) | 0.011 | 80.0(75.0–90.0) | 80.0(73.0–90.0) | 80.0(70.0–90.0) | 0.759 | |
Glucose, mmol/L | 4.3(3.5–5.1) | 4.5(3.8–5.1) | 4.5(3.7–5.2) | 4.3(3.6–4.9) | 0.008 | 4.4(3.7–4.9) | 4.5(3.8–5.2) | 4.3(3.5–5.1) | 0.005 | |
Baseline_eGFR, ml/min /1·73 m2 | 73.1(59.3–83.7) | 73.5(60.8–85.7) | 64.0(54.3–75.0) | 66.1(51.3–81.1) | < 0.001 | 77.6(62.2–87.1) | 72.6(57.1–83.8) | 70.3(56.4–80.9) | < 0.001 | |
Follow-up_eGFR, ml/min/1·73 m2 | 71.2(58.8–83.6) | 71.1(57.8–83.7) | 67.8(54.9–77.4) | 57.9(47.8–73.3) | < 0.001 | 71.6(59.5–82.7) | 69.6(56.8–83.2) | 70.8(58.0–82.0) | 0.549 |