Characteristic | Total N = 2682 | Training Cohort N = 1,877 | Validation Cohort N = 805 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Â | Â | Â | 0.5 |
 Male | 1386(51.7%) | 978 (52.1%) | 408 (50.7%) |  |
 Female | 1296 (48.3%) | 899 (47.9%) | 397 (49.3%) |  |
Age | 64.7 ± 12.1 | 65 ± 12 | 65 ± 12 | 0.729 |
Race | Â | Â | Â | 0.612 |
 Mexican American | 415 (15.5%) | 290 (15.5%) | 125 (15.5%) |  |
 Other Hispanic | 280 (10.4%) | 195 (10.4%) | 85 (10.6%) |  |
 Non-Hispanic White | 989 (36.9%) | 677 (36.1%) | 312 (38.8%) |  |
 Non-Hispanic Black | 776 (28.9%) | 559 (29.8%) | 217 (27.0%) |  |
 Others | 222 (8.3%) | 156 (8.3%) | 66 (8.2%) |  |
Education | Â | Â | Â | 0.834 |
 Less than high school | 959 (35.8%) | 665 (35.4%) | 294 (36.5%) |  |
 High school diploma or GED | 615 (22.9%) | 435 (23.2%) | 180 (22.4%) |  |
 More than high school | 1108 (41.3%) | 777 (41.4%) | 331 (41.1%) |  |
PIR | Â | Â | Â | 0.647 |
 < 1 | 658 (24.5%) | 461 (24.6%) | 197 (24.5%) |  |
 1–3 | 1311 (48.9%) | 908 (48.4%) | 403 (50.1%) |  |
 > 3 | 713 (26.7%) | 508 (27.1%) | 205 (25.5%) |  |
BMI | Â | Â | Â | 0.513 |
 < 25 | 361(13.5%) | 247 (13.2%) | 114 (14.2%) |  |
 25–30 | 744(27.7%) | 513 (27.3%) | 231 (28.7%) |  |
 > 30 | 1577(58.8) | 1,117 (59.5%) | 460 (57.1%) |  |
Smoke status | Â | Â | Â | 0.932 |
 Never | 869 (32.4%) | 609 (32.4%) | 260 (32.3%) |  |
 Former | 1473 (54.9%) | 1,033 (55.0%) | 440 (54.7%) |  |
 Current | 340 (12.7%) | 235 (12.5%) | 105 (13.0%) |  |
 Drink | 1184 (44.1%) | 829 (44.2%) | 355 (44.1%) | 0.975 |
 Hypertension | 1960 (73.1%) | 1,376 (73.3%) | 584 (72.5%) | 0.683 |
 Heart failure | 323 (12.0%) | 229 (12.2%) | 94 (11.7%) | 0.703 |
 CAD | 575 (21.4%) | 409 (21.8%) | 166 (20.6%) | 0.499 |
 Stroke | 292 (10.9%) | 188 (10.0%) | 104 (12.9%) | 0.027 |
 HbA1c % | 7.40 ± 1.77 | 7.39 ± 1.78 | 7.41 ± 1.74 | 0.763 |
 TC mmol/L | 4.75 ± 1.21 | 4.72 ± 1.22 | 4.81 ± 1.19 | 0.094 |
 TG mmol/L | 2.18 ± 1.73 | 2.17 ± 1.78 | 2.22 ± 1.61 | 0.435 |
 HDL mmol/L | 1.24 ± 0.38 | 1.25 ± 0.39 | 1.22 ± 0.37 | 0.127 |
 ALT U/L | 26 ± 35 | 27 ± 40 | 25 ± 18 | 0.228 |
 AST U/L | 27 ± 25 | 27 ± 21 | 27 ± 32 | 0.884 |
 Albumin g/L | 41.2 ± 3.5 | 41.2 ± 3.6 | 41.0 ± 3.3 | 0.209 |
 BUN mmol/L | 6.54 ± 3.35 | 6.55 ± 3.42 | 6.50 ± 3.19 | 0.670 |
 UA mg/dL | 6.12 ± 1.65 | 6.11 ± 1.65 | 6.16 ± 1.64 | 0.452 |
 ACR | 241 ± 874 | 246 ± 914 | 227 ± 774 | 0.577 |
 eGFR | 52 ± 19 | 52 ± 19 | 52 ± 19 | 0.763 |
 Follow-up, month | 82.15 ± 37.73 | 82.07 ± 37.43 | 82.61 ± 36.31 | 0.836 |
 Death | 772 (28.8%) | 532 (27.28%) | 240 (29.81%) | 0.594 |